Oct 28, 2025
Security & Compliance

Security 101: How to Build an Incident Response Plan that Works

Security 101: How to Build an Incident Response Plan that Works

When a cyber incident strikes, every second counts. Whether it’s a ransomware attack that locks down your systems, or a phishing scam that exposes sensitive customer information, your response time and coordination can make the difference between a quick recovery and lasting damage.

Yet despite the growing risk landscape, many small and mid-sized businesses still don’t have a formal plan in place. Others rely on a loose collection of ideas that haven’t been tested, or worse, have never been written down. This lack of preparedness can leave businesses scrambling to understand what's happening, who should respond, and how to limit exposure when it’s already too late.

If you're leading a business, you don’t need to be a cybersecurity expert to understand the importance of preparation. But you do need a clear, actionable incident response plan, backed up by expert knowledge, that helps you respond calmly and effectively when it matters most and ensures your team knows exactly what to do from the moment something goes wrong.

Here’s what you need to know to start building one that works.

What is an Incident Response Plan?

At its core, an incident response plan is exactly what it sounds like: a framework for how your business will handle cybersecurity threats and breaches.

Think of it as a fire safety plan, but for your digital assets. It doesn’t just include how to put the “fire” out, it also outlines how to detect the first signs of trouble, who grabs the extinguishers, how you evacuate critical data, and how you begin to repair the damage when the threat is contained.

Your incident response plan defines what counts as a security incident, outlines procedures for reacting quickly, assigns responsibilities, and covers how you’ll mitigate damage and recover safely. With a plan in place, responses become more structured and coordinated, minimising confusion, errors, and unnecessary delays.

Rather than reacting in panic, your team follows a structured, pre-approved set of actions, helping to reduce chaos and confusion when time is critical and stress levels are high.

Why Does It Matter?

Cyber incidents aren't just an enterprise problem. Attackers deliberately target SMBs because they know smaller organisations often have weaker defences, and even fewer resources to bounce back. In many cases, attackers exploit the assumption that “we’re too small to be a target”.

The consequences of poor or delayed responses are wide-reaching:

  • Systems go offline for hours or even days, grinding productivity to a halt
  • Customer trust is severely impacted, especially if personal data was compromised
  • Regulatory fines or legal liabilities may follow breaches involving confidential information
  • Internal operations suffer major disruption, affecting everything from payroll to service delivery

Even if your IT is relatively simple, a well-designed incident response plan helps limit downtime, speed up recovery, and reduce long-term costs. It keeps minor issues from snowballing into full-blown crises.

It’s much easier, and far more cost-effective, to plan ahead than to rebuild your business under pressure, and to do so while customers or regulators are demanding answers.

Five Steps to Get You Started

You don’t need to build a 50-page plan overnight, but you do need to take the first steps. Laying the foundation now will put you in a far stronger position should the unexpected occur. Here's how to begin organising your approach:

1. Define What Counts as a ‘Security Incident’

Start by setting clear criteria for what should trigger a response. These criteria help your employees know when to raise the flag and begin the process. Security incidents might include:

  • Unauthorised logins or access attempts
  • Suspicious activity flagged by antivirus software
  • Loss or theft of a device such as a laptop or mobile phone
  • Ransomware or phishing attacks
  • Disruptions caused by malicious software or suspicious links

Knowing what to look out for is the first line of defence. When the conditions are clear, staff are more likely to act quickly, avoiding hesitation or second-guessing.

2. Identify Your Incident Response Team

Decide who’s responsible for what when an incident happens. Even in a small business, clarity about roles will save time and reduce mistakes. Make it clear who:

  • Investigates the issue and gathers technical evidence
  • Communicates with staff or external contacts like vendors, lawyers, or customers
  • Makes the final call on containment and mitigation steps
  • Notifies regulatory bodies or legal authorities, if necessary

Even if these roles are assigned to one individual wearing multiple hats, documenting them formally will ensure fewer things fall through the cracks.

3. Map Out Your Critical Systems and Data

Make a shortlist of the systems, applications, and data that your business depends on most. These are your crown jewels, and protecting them should take priority.

Think about:

  • Customer databases and sensitive client information
  • Financial systems including billing, payroll and accounting software
  • Email and communication platforms that keep your teams connected
  • Remote access services that support hybrid or distributed workforces

If these go down, what’s your backup plan? Consider what’s backed up, where, and how quickly you can access a working copy.

4. Think Through Common Scenarios

Consider a handful of likely incident types for your business, and write down the first steps you’d need to take for each. That might look like:

  • Disconnecting a device from your network to stop the spread of malware
  • Changing affected passwords across affected systems
  • Contacting your MSP or IT partner as your first line of response
  • Alerting internal staff to avoid phishing attempts or shut down risky services

You’re not writing a full playbook yet, just building reactive muscle memory. The more you can anticipate in advance, the fewer surprises you’ll face during high-stress moments.

5. Plan Your Internal and External Communications

Decide how your team will communicate during a crisis. It’s easy for confusion to create further issues if people don’t know the right channels or protocols.

For instance:

  • Do you have alternate channels if email goes down, like mobile messaging?
  • Who is authorised to talk to customers or media?
  • Who prepares internal status updates and ensures leadership remains informed?
  • Who contacts external IT or legal support partners to coordinate the response?

A strong response hinges on clarity, not noise. Designing this part of the plan avoids duplicated efforts and mixed messages that might worsen the situation.

Why You Shouldn’t Go It Alone

While it’s possible to sketch an outline internally, building a reliable, tested, long-term plan requires specific cybersecurity knowledge. Most businesses don’t have the resources to stay on top of evolving threats, or to run realistic simulation tests that prove a plan will work under pressure.

That’s where expert support becomes invaluable.

By partnering with a trusted cybersecurity specialist, your business gains access to experience, tools, and up-to-date practices that strengthen security and resilience. You’ll benefit from guided planning, professional risk assessments, and help prioritising scenarios according to the unique nature of your operations. It ensures your plan is complete, realistic, and tailored to your systems.

An expert can also help you put your plan to the test through simulations and tabletop exercises, uncovering blind spots and gaps long before a real incident ever occurs.

Build Confidence Before Trouble Hits

No plan can eliminate every threat, but one that’s realistic, targeted and tested will stop an incident from becoming a disaster. It could protect you from reputational damage, prevent regulatory fallout, and, most importantly, help you continue running your business through an unexpected crisis.

Ready to start planning properly? Contact us to get started.